基于PMAC的航空结构件柔性工装分布式控制系统设计

航空结构件是航空飞行器中的重要组成部分，航空结构件的自动化柔性工装质量直接影响航空飞行器的飞行安全水平。为降低系统位置和姿态控制误差，减小航空结构件的磨损面积，设计了基于PMAC的航空结构件柔性工装分布式控制系统。采用PMAC运动控制器，接收电子部件的反馈信号，控制步进电机、直流电机和交流电机。结合工控机、定位器、伺服电机和分布式通信网络，完成硬件系统的设计。根据航空结构件柔性工装操作设备的组成结构和工作原理，构建相应模型。确定航空结构件在目标曲面上的柔性工装位置，从移动位置和装配力两个方面，计算柔性工装控制量。在PMAC控制器的作用下，通过位姿的调整实现系统的航空结构件柔性工装分布式控制功能。系统测试结果表明，设计分布式控制系统的位置和姿态控制误差分别降低了13cm和0.32°，且设计系统控制下航空结构件的磨损面积较小。     

Static strength and fatigue life of optimized hybrid single lap aluminum–CFRP structural joints

Hybrid bolted/bonded joints are used to assemble structural components, commonly made by carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), with aluminum frames. Hence, they have become common solutions in a number of modern structural applications in the industrial fields, as well as civil constructions. Unfortunately, due to the lack of understanding of the relationships between the multiple parameters of influence that characterize their mechanical performance, only limited improvement have been achieved so far over classical bonding approaches, in terms of static and fatigue strength. As a result, further studies are needed in order to better exploit the potential of hybrid bolted/bonded joints and identify optimum joint configurations. This paper describes an optimization procedure of the joints, achieved through a systematic experimental analysis of hybrid single lap aluminum–CFRP structural joints. This, analyzing the effect of overlap length, stiffness imbalance, adhesive curing as well as of size, positioning and preload of the bolt, results in a significant rise of the strength, especially in presence of high cycles fatigue loading. Also, micrographic analysis and related numerical simulations have allowed to gain a better insight into the damage mechanisms occurring during the in-service tensile loading, corroborating the highest mechanical performance of the angle-ply lay-up proposed for the CFRP adherent.     

Similarities and differences between male and female novice designers on color‐concept associations for warnings,action required,and signs and equipment status messages

This research examined the male and female novice designers toward color associations for the concepts used for ‘warnings’, ‘action required’, and ‘signs and equipment status’ through a questionnaire‐based study. A total of 178 Hong Kong Chinese final year undergraduate design students (89 males and 89 females) participated in the study. The test used required the participants to indicate their choice of one of nine colors to associations with each of 38 concepts in a color‐concept table, so that any one color could be associated with any one of the concepts. For both male and female groups of novice designers, chi‐square tests revealed a strong color association for each concept tested in this study (P < .05). The results showed males and females agreed on some color‐concept association stereotypes which were therefore gender neutral. The male and female novice designers had the same color associations and similar levels of stereotype strengths for 21 concepts. The nine strongest and therefore most useful color‐concept association stereotypes for both male and female novice designers were: red‐danger, red‐fire, red‐hot, red‐stop, red‐emergency, red‐error, blue‐cold, blue‐male, and green‐exit. However, the male and female novice designers had different color association stereotypes for the standby (green vs. yellow), emergency exit (green vs. red), and toxic (purple vs. black) concepts, and the strengths of the 14 remaining associations for both groups were not at equivalent levels. Overall, it is anticipated that the findings of this study will act as a useful reference for novice designers and other design practitioners to optimize color coding in the design of ‘warnings’, ‘action required’, and ‘signs and equipment status’ messages.     

Naming the colors: Color names designation from the colorimetric values. The French GPEM/PV work revisited

This publication describes a work related to the French language, for assigning a color name to an object whose colorimetric characteristics have been measured. This is the subject of a recently published book. The work is the result of an old publication by Afnor, the French standardization organization, work unfortunately obsolete by its colorimetric part. This publication describes the work that has been done to update it and make it convenient to use. The present text, by publishing some of the tables and graphs of the French book, presents the work done in French by a method that differs from that used by Kelly and Judd years ago.     

渤海海域辽西构造带S型走滑转换带特征及控藏作用定量表征

S型走滑转换带是走滑环境下广泛发育的一类构造。以往的研究认识多集中在对走滑转换带类型划分的探讨上，缺乏对其控藏作用的精细研究。本次研究利用渤海海域辽东湾地区连片三维地震资料，结合油气田实例，运用统计学方法分析了辽西构造带S型走滑转换带的控藏作用。辽西带新生代构造变形总体表现为NE向伸展构造系统和NNE向右旋走滑构造系统的叠加构造变形，S型走滑转换带可分为增压段和释压段两大类。按照走滑转换带演化阶段的不同，将增压段进一步细分为压扭低凸起段、平缓增压段和强烈增压段等3个亚类。将释压段同样细分为纺锤形浅凹、平缓释压段和菱形释压段等3个亚类。将走滑断裂末端发育的转换带归纳为增压型或释压型马尾扇。应用S型走滑转换带“油气富集指数”的分析方法，论证了S型走滑转换带弯曲度与走滑调节断层活动性具有正相关性，并成功应用于辽西凹陷南次洼旅大5-2北油田成藏分析工作中，为勘探决策提供了定量化依据。     

HL型碎玻璃风选机的设计及改进

本文详细介绍了HL型碎玻璃风选机的设计原理、结构特点、技术方案与主要应用范围。介绍了HL型风选机的主体结构及运行特征。针对HL型碎玻璃风选机在风选碎玻璃时出现的各种问题,提出了解决方案,并优化结构设计。     

基于广义逆矩阵理论的杆系结构形态创构方法#br#

广义逆矩阵理论被广泛应用于不稳定结构的形态分析。不稳定结构在荷载作用下，其形状会发生变化直至其势能达到最低，此时的结构处于无弯矩的平衡状态。根据该原理并结合广义逆矩阵理论提出一种适用于杆系结构的形态创构方法。该方法将杆系模型中杆单元进行分组，在每一组中杆单元总长度不变的条件下，建立控制结构形状变化的移形方程。利用广义逆矩阵理论和势能梯度确定使模型势能下降最快的方向，并逐步调整节点位置直至势能达到最低。临时单元和单元组的引入使得该方法可以应用于多种形式结构的形态创构，合理地设置单元组和临时单元可以实现单元长度与单元内力的重新分配进而实现诸多功能。算例分析说明该方法的特性并验证其有效性。     

大工作阻力放顶煤液压支架结构改进设计

为解决某矿使用的放顶煤液压支架出现支架压死、后立柱爆缸、结构件开裂等问题,通过地质条件分析,探究适应此类地质条件的液压支架改进方法,在此基础上,将现用液压支架架型由ZF15000/26/42改进为ZF21000/25/45D,并对支架整体结构进行针对性优化,以矿压监测数据为边界条件,对整架进行有限元分析。经样机研制及批量工业性试验,结果表明该支架架型布局及局部结构适应此类地质条件的综放开采,丰富了具备此类地质条件的综放开采液压支架应用案例。